What does the presence of plus disease in ROP indicate?

The presence of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) indicates an increased severity and potential for rapid progression of the disease. Plus disease is characterized by significant vascular changes in the retina, including dilated and tortuous blood vessels, as well as changes in the background appearance of the retina itself. These signs are indicative of an enhanced risk for the infant, suggesting that the condition may worsen quickly if not addressed.

In the context of ROP, the identification of plus disease serves as a crucial marker for urgent intervention. It reflects a shift from less severe forms of ROP to a more critical state that necessitates close monitoring and possibly treatment to prevent further complications, including vision loss. Therefore, understanding and recognizing the implications of plus disease is vital for neonatal care providers, as it directly influences the management and clinical decisions for at-risk infants.