Which feeding strategy is recommended to prevent NEC in neonates?

Avoidance of hyperosmolar formula feedings is recommended to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. NEC is a serious gastrointestinal condition typically occurring in premature infants, where portions of the bowel undergo necrosis. This condition is often linked to feeding strategies, particularly those that involve hyperosmolar formulas. Hyperosmolar feeds can increase the osmotic load on the immature intestines of neonates, which may lead to gut inflammation, ischemia, and ultimately NEC.

By using lower osmolarity formulas, the risk of gut injury tends to decrease, thereby supporting the fragile gut environment of neonates who are particularly vulnerable to complications like NEC. Thus, selecting appropriate feeding formulations that minimize gut strain is crucial in promoting healthy outcomes for high-risk neonates.