Which method of heat loss involves the transfer of heat to cold air?

The correct choice is based on the understanding of the mechanisms of heat loss and how they interact with the environment. Convection is specifically the process whereby heat is transferred from a warm object, such as an infant's body, to the surrounding cooler air. In this scenario, the heat from the warm body rises and is carried away by the movement of the cooler air around it. This can occur in a neonatal intensive care unit, where air circulation can lead to increased heat loss from infants, particularly if they are not adequately covered or if the ambient temperature is low.

In contrast, conduction refers to heat loss through direct contact with a cooler surface, such as a cold crib or scale. Evaporation is the process by which heat is lost through the conversion of liquid to vapor, which is particularly relevant in scenarios like bathing or when infants are wet. Radiation involves heat loss without direct contact, where heat is emitted from the body into the surrounding environment, such as when a baby is in a cooler room. Thus, convection stands out as the method that specifically involves air temperature and movement as the cooling medium.